Monday, January 28, 2013

Biology help with HW please dont understand

Biology help with HW please dont understand?
The amount of fluid retained in the body is regulated by both a)aldosterone and insulin. b) erythropoietin and secretin. c) aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone. d) antidiuretic hormone andd gastrin. It was observed that an experimental subject consistently passed a larger volume of urine after consuming three cups of black unsweetened tea containing caffeine than after consuming an equal volume of sweetened lemonade. Assume all other variables were carefully controlled. Which hypothesis is based on an appropriate body response to the active ingredient identified in the beverage ? a) The caffeine in the tea caused a reduction in the secretion of ADH by the pituitary gland. b) The sugar in the lemonade provided additional energy for the active transport of water out of the nephrons. c) The caffeine in the tea caused the liver to produce more urea. d) The sugar in the lemonade blocked the reabsorption of water by the distal tubules of the kidney. After an individual drinks large quantities of water, the blood becomes slightly diluted. The body immediately reacts by a) increasing the secretion of ADH. b) reabsorbing more sodium ions from the filtrate of the nephron into the blood. c) increasing the secretion of aldosterone from the adrenal glands. d) decreasing the secretion of ADH. In an artificial kidney, blood is pumped through dialysis tubing (semipermeable tubing) which is immersed in a tank of washing or dialyzing solution. The blood is cleansed because a) urea and other impurities diffuse into the wash solution. b) chemical cleansers diffuse into the blood from the wash solution. c) water from the wash solution enters the blood by osmosis. d) poisons from the blood are actively transported out of the tubing. Dialysis machines purify blood by passing it through semi-permeable cellophane tubing immersed in a tank of dialysing fluid. Wastes are transferred through the tubing into the fluid. A system of this type can perform all the functions of a normal kidney except the a) diffusion of salts into the blood. b) active transport of substances out of the blood. c) filtration of smaller particles into the nephron. d) osmosis of water into the collecting duct. An activity that increases as a result of untreated diabetes mellitus is a)storage of energy for tissue activities. b) use of sugar by tissue cells. c) release of insulin from the pancreas. d) excretion of glucose by the kidneys. Arteriolar dilation throughout the body would cause urine production to decrease because the a)osmotic pressure of the blood plasma would decrease. b) osmotic pressure of the blood plasma would increase. c) blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries would increase. d) blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries would decrease please help i dont understand
Biology - 1 Answers
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1 :
1)The amount of fluid retained in the body is regulated by both: c) aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone 2) Which hypothesis is based on an appropriate body response to the active ingredient identified in the beverage ? a) The caffeine in the tea caused a reduction in the secretion of ADH by the pituitary gland. 3)After an individual drinks large quantities of water, the blood becomes slightly diluted. The body immediately reacts by d) decreasing the secretion of ADH. 4)In an artificial kidney, blood is pumped through dialysis tubing (semipermeable tubing) which is immersed in a tank of washing or dialyzing solution. The blood is cleansed because a) urea and other impurities diffuse into the wash solution. 5)Dialysis machines purify blood by passing it through semi-permeable cellophane tubing immersed in a tank of dialysing fluid. Wastes are transferred through the tubing into the fluid. A system of this type can perform all the functions of a normal kidney except the b) active transport of substances out of the blood 6)An activity that increases as a result of untreated diabetes mellitus is d) excretion of glucose by the kidneys 7)Arteriolar dilation throughout the body would cause urine production to decrease because the d) blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries would decrease I hope this helps. Good luck.






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Thursday, January 24, 2013

How do i stop the glucose from making me pass out

How do i stop the glucose from making me pass out?
Im 31 Weeks pregnant. I went & did my first glucose test..and my results came back diabetes mellitus..well that meant i had to go do the 3 hour one..so i did & It made me puke..and pass out..so it made me late to get my blood drawn .. so they said i had to come back and do it..i had already had my blood drawn a couple times..i only had one more time to go. Im not sure what to do....no matter what im gunna pass out and its gunna make me late.. yeah i told my doctor this and all she told me is that i could have a still birth..
Diabetes - 3 Answers
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1 :
Discuss this problem with your doctor. Best of Luck.
2 :
People can be diabetic when they are pregnant and not after they have the baby. I have passed out the same way you do. I fell off the toilet once and they had to put me back in my room and feed me. That meant that I had to do the test the next day. Diabetic people do have children, it is harder. ask the doctor if they can give you an earlier time to take the test so you will not be empty so long. I wear an insulin pump and do very well with it. You may not need anything after the baby is born. There are pill also. Good luck .
3 :
inject insulin





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Sunday, January 20, 2013

Help With My Human Anatomy Case Study

Help With My Human Anatomy Case Study? ?
A 21 year old noncompliant male with a history of type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus was found in a coma. His blood glucose was high, as well as his urine glucose, urine ketones, and serum ketones. His serum bicarbonate was <12 mEq/L. His respiration was exaggerated and his breath had an acetone odor. His blood pressure was 90/60 and his pulse weak and rapid. 1. Is this person experiencing ketoacidosis or insulin shock? Explain your answer. 2. Why is the serum bicarbonate low? 3. What is the acid-base status of this individual? 4. What is the cause of the dyspnea, hypotension, and tachycardia? 5. What type of treatment does this person need? Any help would be greatly appreciated. This assignment is due in the morning.
Medicine - 2 Answers
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1 :
diabetic ketoacidosis. i won't give you all the answers, but check wikipedia under "diabetic ketoacidosis". and any time you have a diabetic with a strange breath odor, this is probably DKA.
2 :
1 ketoacidosis 2. metabolic acidosis 3 acidosis stimulates breathing, and produces vasodilatation. Vasodilatation gives low BP 4. Mainly insulin, NaHCO3 IV, monitoring of electrolytes acid-base status and heart function






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Wednesday, January 16, 2013

Physicians, kindly answer my inquiry

Physicians, kindly answer my inquiry.?
First question: Am I going to give a calcium channel blocker (Nifedipine) to my aunt whose BP is 170/90? She doesn't know her usual BP. I got her BP for three times, and it's still 170/90. She is not taking any maintenance medications for her chronic hypertension. She usually eats garlic and usually excuses herself for not taking maintenance medication for hypertension. She always claim that she is healthy even though it is very obvious that it is not. She has many varicose veins. Btw, She has type 2 diabetes mellitus. She is now 65 years old. Second question: My sister (16y/o) suffered from a severe abdominal pain a while ago. PR:89 bpm, RR: 18 cpm, BP: 90/60. Her pain scale ranges from 6-10. She applied liniment to somehow relieve the pain on her abdomen. Afterwards, she took Buscopan (Hyoscine Butylbromide). Is it right to self-medicate herself? Thank you so much!
Pain & Pain Management - 1 Answers
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1 :
Wait -- you say she's not taking any antihypertension meds, but you're going to give her Nifedipine? Is this HER Nifedipine that her doctor prescribed for HER? She should see a doctor to determine what medication she should be taking (and not what someone on Yahoo Answers tells her to take). Garlic is found to have some cholesterol lowering properties, but not much to do with blood pressure. As far as your sister's abdominal pain - if it hurts that much, she should probably see a doctor. Is it more of a muscle-like pain or does it seem more internal?






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Saturday, January 12, 2013

I need help in a case study to know how a patient died, who was a heavy smoker.

I need help in a case study to know how a patient died, who was a heavy smoker.?
A 59 year man, a heavy smoker for much of his adult life, was brouaght into casuatly at 4 am. With three hour history of crushing, band-like chest pain. He was seen immediately but dies while being examined. His past medical history included diet-controlled (typw 2) diabetes mellitus and hypertension. He had several attacks of chest pain over the five years before his death. A post-morten examination was performed. 1) WHAT IS THE LIKELY CUASE OF DEATH 2)WHAT CHNAGES MIGHT HAVE BEEN PRESENT IN THE HEART MUSCLE AND CORONARY ARTERIES?
Heart Diseases - 2 Answers
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1 :
probably MI. the history of chest pain over five years is angina probably related to atherosclerosis. the coronary arteries would be narrowed with plaques and the myocardium would've been oxygen starved and possibly hypertrophied? i can't quite remember but look up MI and atherosclerosis for more information about the pathophysiology and anatomical changes related to the diseases.
2 :
1) Lung desiese 2) huh





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Tuesday, January 8, 2013

Green Tea, Coffee, and Wine

Green Tea, Coffee, and Wine?
Is too much of these for long periods of time beneficial? Green Tea Benefits: Lower Cancer Risk: breast, lung, colon, prostate, cervical, ovarian, mesothelioma, esophageal, stomach. Prevent Heart Disease: lowers cholesterol, prevents artery blockages, lowers blood pressure. Speed Up Weight Loss: fat blocker, boost metabolism, increase endurance, anti-fatigue. Protect Brain Function: memory, stroke, Alzheimer's, Parkinsons. Defend Immune System: flu, salmonella, common cold, HIV-AIDS. More Health Conditions Improved: including anti-aging, acne, allergies, body odor, sleep apnea, osteoporosis. Coffee Benefits: Coffee appears to reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, heart disease, diabetes mellitus type 2, cirrhosis of the liver, and gout. Wine Benefits: According Researcher Serge Renaud and his colleagues from the University of Bordeaux, moderate wine consumption reduces death rate because of all causes by 30%. Heart related death rates can decrease by 35%. Cancer related deaths can be reduced by 18-24% by wine. Researchers at the University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland have found out how wine reduces the risks of strokes. According to researchers Dr. Wilhelm Vetter and his colleagues, alcohol present in the wine is beneficial when taken during meal time. It reduces the growth of pathways to the heart called arteries by 20%. Growth in the size of these pathways can cause heart attacks and strokes. A similar study on the same topic by Israeli researcher Fuhrman and his colleagues found that drinking red wine along with meal reduces a harmful substance called LDL cholesterol by 20%. Rise in this substance indicate higher fat levels in the body. A Dutch study reports that the same practice of drinking red wine along with meals stops clotting of blood in the pathways to the heart. Researcher Gary Curhan and his colleagues from Harvard University conducted a study on 81,000 nurses. They wanted to know the impact of different beverages like tea, coffee, fruit juices, wine, water etc on their health. Out of the 17 beverages included in the study, wine was found to reduce the risk of kidney stone formation by 50%. This finding was again confirmed by researcher Curhan and colleagues in 1996 when they found that wine consumption reduces the risks of kidney stone formation by 39%. A 16 years of research study by Dutch researcher Dr. Thomas Truelsen of Copen-hagen University Hospital, reports that moderate consumption of wine reduces the risks of strokes. Research study on wine in Italy concluded that light to moderate wine consumption do not allow the build up of fats in the pathways of heart. A team of researchers from the University of Illinois has found that a compound called resveratrol can stop the growth of cancer cells in humans. Would having all three of these daily for a long period of time be triple beneficial or would the combination not mix well and be worse for you?
Other - Food & Drink - 5 Answers
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1 :
could be
2 :
Too much coffee is not good in my opinion, green tea is much better. Coffee dosn't have that many benefits anyway. Too much wine is not too good either, but one cup a day might be okay.
3 :
Taken in moderation there is no reason why these three substances cannot be of benefit in providing health benefits to many people.They might prove especially beneficial to people who already know that there is a family proclivity for certain medical conditions. They are counter-indicated in some conditions, however, and their side effects must be considered. Green tea (black tea as well since it is just an older version of the same tea leaf) can be beneficial.not only for the antioxidant benefit but also for its effect on ROS (reactive oxygen species) and nitric oxide. Remember, however, that caffeine is also present so in effect you will be getting the "coffee" benefits as well as the polyphenol benefits. http://parkinsonsfocustoday.blogspot.com/2009/08/is-it-true-what-they-say-about-black.html The Hawaii study has already demonstrated the long term benefits of moderate caffeine intake in men to at least delay onset of Parkinson's disease and possibly act as a preventative. http://parkinsonsfocustoday.blogspot.com/2010/10/glutamate-caffeine-gene-and-world.html Keep in mind that overindulgence may work in opposition to the protection offered by caffeine especially women/ http://parkinsonsfocustoday.blogspot.com/2008/11/coffeetea-or-me-parkinsons-patient.html It is important to understand that the benefits of reservatrol may be offset by the fact that it is a blood thinner as well as a polyphenol; therefore existing medical conditions must be considered. Muscadine grape seed has high levels of reservatrol which is one of compounds in red wine which is believed to reduce the risk of abnormal cell growth. While there is an overlap in some of the neuroprotection offered by green tea, caffeine and red wine, there is enough difference to suggest that judicious inclusion of all three is a regular diet can be beneficial. The interesting thing is that the benefits may never be seen. By observing one individual - in many cases yourself - It is difficult to see what does not present itself. That is why studies are so important. In a large study there will be the expectation that a certain percent of the participants will develop a medical condition. If the percentages do not correlate at the end of the study, there seems to be an indication that there has been an influencing effect. Again, in moderation, there could be significant benefit. Caffeine is not found in just coffee or tea. It would be wise to avoid soda/pop carbonated drinks which can contain caffeine but a reasonable amount of dark chocolate might be a fine substitute. What this does not suggest is that you can increase your consumption of foods which are known to contain excess amounts of harmful fats. http://www.americanheart.org/downloadable/heart/1232489114784Fats%20%20beneficial%20vs%20harmful.pdf
4 :
Chronic Kidney Disease The kidneys also produce hormones responsible for controlling blood pressure and the production and release of red blood cells by the bone marrow, which prevents anemia. The blood reaches the kidneys via the renal arteries that within the kidney are divided into smaller and smaller vessels until they form meandering of fine vases which are the glomeruli.
5 :
Based on much research available on the www and on >50 links to university, health and government, including the USDA, all put together on res-juventa. com, I think the answer to your question is Yes, it must be beneficial and the combination of them should not be harmful. Moreover, based on the cited research a good natural, (Spanish) grape based resveratrol product, made from the pulp, the seeds, the skin and the stem of the (Spanish) grapes - which contain trans- and cis-resveratrol, catechin, gallic acid, quercetin, pterostilbene, malvidin, peonidin, petunidin, delhpinidin and cyanidin - such as res-juventa and others, may actually, in single product, address all areas of concern mentioned by you. Some of the research is still in a relatively early stage and I would therefore not (yet) recommend synthetic, high dose (1000mg and more) products. But as long as you stay with a natural, FDA monitored product (look for a FDA registration number on the label; not the product is tested, as FDA does not directly test dietary supplements, but the import and the labeling are monitored) in a range of 350 - 500 mg, it seems to be o.k. This provides all the benefits of a bottle of wine or two a day, without any of the potentially negative effects of alcohol.






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Friday, January 4, 2013

Can someone help me with this nursing scenario

Can someone help me with this nursing scenario?
I'm in nursing school and I just wanted some opinions on handling this med administration scenario before my exam coming up. (I don't want to miss anything) Please tell me what nursing considerations I should be aware of when administering these drugs. The scenario includes a man with afib who had a fall at home recently and has fractured some ribs in his left side. He has a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. He has no allergies and his blood glucose levels are stabilized when using insulin. My initial assessment would reveals a blood glucose of 6.4, temp 36.8, apical pulse 68 (reg), resps 22, BP 130/70, SPO2 96% RA, pain rating of 6/10 on his ribs, His meds are: Digoxin, morphine, Restoril, heparin, hydrochlorothiazide and humulin R and humulin N insulins. Thanks!
Other - General Health Care - 1 Answers
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1 :
Hi, I don't know if I will be of much help; I'm only a first year nursing student. I would say, of course start off with the recommended or suggested dosage of medication prescribed by a physician or the nurse and take vital signs q2h for a little bit and increase to q4h. Taking his blood glucose levels. Observe his nonverbal expressions and I guess you can ask him how he is doing, how has the pain changed, and what not? Definitely look at side effects and whether or not the medications are effective. Is that a safe combination of medications to hand out? o__o I'm not too sure :( .. ahaha. Definitely consider cultural impacts or his beliefs/values as well and what he thinks of taking all of the meds.





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Tuesday, January 1, 2013

Can you please help me answer these questions for my health class

Can you please help me answer these questions for my health class?
I'm taking the test right now and I need some help PLEASE! THANK YOU THANK YOU THANK YOU! 36. How is hepatitis B typically transmitted? fecal-oral route bacteria and its spores contaminated blood or sexual contact breast-feeding 37. Which STD can cause blindness in a newborn baby if it infects the baby's eyes during the birth process while producing a greenish yellowish drainage from the reproductive organs of the infected adults? syphilis gonorrhea genital herpes chlamydia 38. Which STD begins as chancres or open lesions on the reproductive organs and can invade the nerous system causing difficulty speaking, headaches, blurred or diminishing vision, seisures, problems with memory and thinking, and depression? syphilis gonorrhea genital herpes chlamydia 39. Which organ is affected by hepatitis? brain stomach uterus liver 40. Which of the following is not a form of anthrax infection? digestive circulatory skin respiratory 41. The lack of which of the following hormones from the pancreas prevents the body from regulating its own blood sugar? insulin adrenaline testosterone melanin 42. Which of the following bacterial STDs is the most common in the United States causing the formation of a painless lesion which may result in scarring of the pelvic organs and sterility? gonorrhea genital warts syphilis chlamydia 43. What is the cause of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy? bacteria virus prion fungi 44. Which of the following best describes symptoms of BSE (Mad Cow Disease)? fatty plaque in the arteries leading to chest pain loss of the ability to sense, move, and think skin rash, digestive disturbances, and difficulty breathing severe headache or no symptoms at all 45. Which of the following best describes symptoms of diabetes mellitus? crushing chest pain, nausea, weakness, and fatigue excessive urination, thirst, and hunger flu-like symptoms, headache, and stiff neck loss of coordination on one side, slurred speech, and difficulty concentrating
Homework Help - 1 Answers
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It's considered poor form to post a laundry list of your homework questions on Y!A. I suggest you Google each term or look it up in your glossary. You'll be a better person for it. Good luck in your studies, ~ Mitch ~






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