Tuesday, October 20, 2009

Discuss the similarities and differences in caring for Type I diabetes mellitus and Type II diabetes mellitus

Discuss the similarities and differences in caring for Type I diabetes mellitus and Type II diabetes mellitus.?

Diabetes - 2 Answers
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1 :
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is treated with insulin (because it is caused by absolute insulin deifciency) Type 2 diabetes is treated with oral hypoglycaemics (glitazones, sulphonylureas, metformin and thiazolinediones - which all work by affecting hepatic gluconeogenesis or increasing the sensitivity of cells to insulin). Several other drugs are available. Both conditions require superb control of diet and regular blood glucose checks are essential. Patients should stop smoking, maintain a healthy BMI (weight loss can improve Type 2) and take care of feet (complications can arise). Diet is essential in both types and patients are encouraged to reduce fat intake (mono and polunsaturates are preferred to saturated fats; the former aid weight loss) and consume starchy and high fibre foods in preference to simple sugars (to prevent violent swings in blood glucose). Meals should be small and synchronised with insulin. Patient education is also important and concerns the complications of diabetes, it's emergencies and about the importance of maintaining normoglycaemia (especially compliance with treatment i.e. never miss an insulin dose etc.). Hope that helps.
2 :
This is a huge question. Have you done any research at all by doing a Google search? In the most simple terms: people with type 1 need insulin. Treatment for people with type 2 varies a lot. They may use pills to stimulate more insulin or pills to make their body more receptive to use insulin, or may need insulin injections, or may control with diet and exercise, or may use a combination of all of those treatments. This is why people who have been diagnosed with diabetes should seek the care of an endocrinologist because treatment must be fine tuned for each individual person.

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