Monday, August 20, 2012

Anatomy, help with questions please


Anatomy, help with questions please?
1. The endocrine structure that developes from the nervous system is the anterior pituitary. a) T b) F 2. Peptide hormones enter the target cells and elicit a response by mediating neurotransmitter effects. a) T b) F 3. Growth Hormone always exerts its influence by targeting other endocrine glands to produce hormones. a) T b) F 4. Diabetes insipdus and diabetes mellitus are both caused by a genetic mutation involving the synthesis of insulin. a) T b) F 5. The stimulus for calcitonin release is usually excessive amounts of growth hormone synthesis. a) T b) F 6. Direct gene activation involves a second-messenger system. a) T b) F 7. All peptide hormone synthesis requires gene activation that produces mRNA. a) T b) F 8. It is necessary for the testes to be kept below body temperature. a) T b) F 9. The primary function of the testes is to produce testosterone a) T b) F
Diabetes - 1 Answers
Random Answers, Critics, Comments, Opinions :
1 :
1. False. The POSTERIOR pituitary is formed from nervous tissue. The anterior pituitary is made from glandular epithelial tissue. 2. False. Although some peptide hormones can affect neurotransmitter reception, they DO NOT enter the target cells. All of their DIRECT interaction occurs on the surface of the cell. The signal can then be transmitted into the cell via second messenger systems, if needed. As a general rule, because the cell membrane is hydrophobic, only hydrophobic hormones (ie steriod & thyroid hormones) can enter the cell. All other hormones act on cell surface receptors. 3. False. Growth Hormone (GH) has many metabolic roles and can act directly on systemic tissues to cause a desired effect without the mediation of another gland/hormone. For example, GH acts to promote growth in certain cellular connective tissues by enhancing cell growth and division, as well as inhibiting apoptosis. 4. False. Diabetes insipidus is caused by a deficiency in vasopressin. Diabetes mellitus has two causes: a) genetic mutation resulting in insufficient synthesis of insulin (type I) b) normal insulin synthesis, but the target cells don't respond appropriately to the insulin (type II) 5. False. The stimulus for calcitonin release is usually excessive extracellular Ca+ concentrations. 6. False (again!) Second messenger system by definition does NOT act through direct gene activation. This statement is exactly opposite of truth. 7. True. Peptide hormones are proteins, and therefore must be synthesized like any other exocytosed protein. 8. This one is kinda worded poorly... depends on how you define "necessary". it's necessary to keep testes below body temperature IF YOU WANT SPERM PRODUCTION. but if you ignore sperm production, and allow the testes to equilibrate with body temperature, the testes can still secrete testosterone. Use your own descrimination with this question. 9. Again this is a tricky question. the testes have TWO primary functions: production of testosterone and production of sperm. Use your own descrimination with this question. hope this helps! email me back if you need anything else!







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